Kenya is currently debating the effectiveness of Vision 2030, an ambitious plan launched in 2008 by former President Mwai Kibaki to transform the nation into a newly industrialized, middle-income country. With five years remaining until its target, the country grapples with mixed results across its economic, social, and political pillars.

• Despite flagship projects like the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR), Kenya’s economy struggles with high inflation, and manufacturing contributes less than 10 percent to GDP, while the national debt reached Ksh. 11.81 trillion as of June 2025.
• The social pillar, aiming to improve quality of life through initiatives like Universal Health Coverage (UHC), faces criticism for failing to adequately address accessibility and affordability for low-income households.
• While the promulgation of the 2010 Constitution was a significant political achievement, public trust in leadership has eroded due to corruption scandals and controversial tax policies, with an Afrobarometer survey on September 26, 2025, indicating only 38 percent of adults trust the government.