Matatu fares in Kenya experience significant surges in December, often tripling, due to a confluence of factors during the holiday season. The unregulated nature of fare setting allows operators to capitalize on increased demand and reduced vehicle availability.

• Matatu fares are influenced by distance, fuel prices, road conditions, vehicle type, and demand.
• The National Transport and Safety Authority (NTSA) and police crackdowns increase operational risks, leading operators to factor potential fines into fares.
• Millions of Kenyans travel upcountry for holidays, weddings, and funerals, causing demand to explode and operators to hike prices.
• Many matatus are withdrawn from urban routes to serve lucrative long-distance trips, reducing supply and increasing fares even for short journeys.