EXPLAINER: Understanding Kenya’s CBC System and the New Senior School Pathways
CBC represents the most ambitious education reform since the introduction of the 8-4-4 system in 1985. - Kenya breaking news | Kenya news today | Capitalfm.co.ke..
✨ Key Highlights
Kenya is preparing for the first cohort of learners under the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) to transition into Senior Secondary School, a major educational reform. This system aims to shift from rote memorization to practical skills and critical thinking, reorganizing basic education and introducing new pathways for learners.
- The CBC reorganizes basic education into a 2-6-3-3-3 structure, moving away from the old 8-4-4 system.
- Learners entering Senior Secondary School (Grade 10) will choose one of three pathways: the STEM pathway, the Arts and Sports Science pathway, or the Social Sciences pathway.
- The CBC faces significant implementation challenges, including inadequate infrastructure in many schools and uneven teacher preparedness, raising concerns about equitable access to pathway choices.
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CBC Grade 10 Transition Marked by Financial Demands and Teacher Preparedness Concerns - January 2026
As Kenya prepares for the first CBC cohort to transition into Senior Secondary School, challenges have emerged. Parents are raising alarms over schools allegedly demanding up to Ksh150,000 to secure Grade 10 placements, despite the Ministry of Education relaxing placement rules. Furthermore, former KNUT Secretary General Wilson Sossion has warned that the Grade 10 rollout faces a crisis due to unprepared teachers. This warning comes despite ministry figures showing nearly 100,000 new teachers have been hired. In contrast, Kilifi County has announced a full scholarship program for students transitioning to Grade 10 after excelling in the Kenya Junior Secondary Education Assessment (KJSEA) examination.
