A Kenyan High Court Judge has ruled that President William Ruto's broad-based government, which incorporated members of the opposition like ODM, lacks constitutional basis and undermines multiparty democracy.

• The dissenting opinion by Justice Jairus Ngaah found the appointments breached constitutional order by bringing opposition figures into Cabinet outside established coalition or merger agreements.
• Justice Ngaah also stated that President Ruto could not legally reappoint Cabinet Secretaries he had previously dismissed, citing concerns over governance and accountability.
• The ruling was part of a consolidated judgment dismissing petitions challenging the legality of the reconstituted Cabinet following the June 2024 anti-Finance Bill protests.